geopolitics essays

geopolitics papers Geopolitics is the applied investigation of the connections of topographical space to legislative issues. Geopolitics, hence, worried about the proportional effect of spatial examples, highlights, and structures and political thoughts, foundations, and exchanges. The term 'Geopolitics' has initially created, in 1899, by a Swedish political specialist, Rudolf Kjellen and its unique importance is to imply a general worry with topography and governmental issues. Nonetheless, characterizing the idea of 'geopolitics' itself is an extensively troublesome assignment since meaning of geopolitics tends to changes as verifiable timeframes and structures of world request change. In this way, there have been various methods of deciphering the term and contentions on them all through the history. In this exposition, I mean to analyze how geopolitics has affected on global relations and how it has developed utilizing notable geopoliticians' speculations in a sequential request: Imperialist, Cold W ar, and New World Order. In mid twentieth century, geopolitics was a type of intensity or information worried about advancing states expansionism and making sure about realms. It was a period portrayed by frontier expansionism abroad and mechanical modernization at home. This is likewise when characteristic matchless quality of a specific race or the state has significantly won. The most verifiably and geologically destined settler competition of the period was that of between British Empire and the rising supreme goals of the German state in Europe. So as to research the geopolitical pressure between them, the geopolitical compositions of the British geographer Halford Mackinder and of the German geopolitician Karl Haushofer must be altogether inspected. Moreover, it is likewise expected to inspect the perspective on the far side over the Atlantic, the United States that developed as a noteworthy player on world's stage later on. Above all else, the beginning stage for practically all conversations of geopolit... <!

Lady Macbeth Has Been Described as the ‘Fourth Witch’

Woman Macbeth is a tricky and complex character. Over the span of the novel, she controls her significant other, Macbeth, and prods him to submit his first homicide with the end goal for him to at last accomplish what she accepts he merits. Woman Macbeth is appeared to the crowd as a reliable spouse who needs the best for his better half, and yet, she is depicted as a noxious character from the earliest starting point of the play. The line between a malevolent individual, and a plotting witch, is fine to the point that Lady Macbeth could undoubtedly be either. The way that the three Weird Sisters’ expectations would not have gotten valid without the incomparable impact of Lady Macbeth incites the idea that, maybe Lady Macbeth is in excess of an enemy of mother and a conniver, maybe she is a witch. This chance would likewise change the idea of the witches from the future-diviners they are depicted as, to only influencers of a series of occasions that they plan. So as to separate or partner Lady Macbeth from or to the bizarre sisters, the likenesses and contrasts of Lady Macbeth and the witches must be investigated. Right off the bat, Lady Macbeth and the witches both approach to fiendish powers now and again of need, for example, when Lady Macbeth cries â€Å"Come, you spirits/That tend on mortal considerations, unsex me here,†(I, 5, 39-40) to dispose of her ladylike qualities with the end goal for her to inevitably be fruitful in satisfying the witches plan by prodding Macbeth to murder Duncan. This summon connotes a connection between Lady Macbeth and the otherworldly, or black magic, which is used by her and the witches. Not long after the conjuring, she questions Macbeth’s masculinity by disclosing to him that â€Å"When you durst do it, at that point you were a man/And to be more than what you were, you would be quite a lot more the man. †(I, 7, 49-51). As Lady Macbeth disposed of her womanish characteristics and comprehends the genuine idea of a man, she started to impart a specific sex equivocalness to the witches, Banquo watches the genderless appearance in the witches when he announces â€Å"You ought to be ladies/And yet your facial hair deny me to decipher/That you are so. (I, 3, 46-48). In the event that Lady Macbeth had effectively associated with the malicious powers in her summon scene, at that point both the witches and Lady Macbeth display a gender ambiguous character, despite the fact that Lady Macbeth just has manly mental characteristics, while the witches have a manly physical appearance just as mental character. Another normal attribute between Lady Macbeth and witch es is that both are enemies of moms. The fantasies of witches through history are viewed as enemies of moms, and Lady Macbeth uncovers this underhanded trademark rom inside herself, and the reality of a past maternal relationship when she says â€Å"I have given suck †I would †have culled my areola from his boneless gums,/And ran the cerebrums out! †(I, 7, 54-58). This stunning articulation shows Lady Macbeths detestable musings, which no mother could have for her kid, thusly making her an enemy of mother, which would presumably have been connected to black magic by the first crowds in Shakespeare’s day, if not by today’s crowds. Equal expression with Lady Macbeth and the Weird Sisters are additionally obvious in the play. The witches allude to â€Å"killing swine† (I, 3, 2) right off the bat in the play, and Lady Macbeth unconsciously echoes this when she alludes to the two chamberlains as in a â€Å"swinish sleep,† (I, 7, 67). The chamberlains are yielded by Macbeth, to dodge any blame in their arrangement of the homicide of Duncan. The penance of pig has been known as a typical demonstration of legendary witches since before Shakespeare’s day, and once more, joins Lady Macbeth to black magic. The utilization of The previously mentioned term (â€Å"swinish sleep†) relating with the penance of the men being depicted all things considered, would be a clue to the crowd of Lady Macbeth’s witch-like character, and would have, indeed, have associated Lady Macbeth to black magic for the crowd of Shakespeare’s day. In contrast to the witches, Lady Macbeth gives indications of helplessness, and becomes wracked with blame. This is obvious in her sleepwalking scene, when she says â€Å"Out cursed spot! Out, I state! (VI, 1, 31) She, by then, was spooky by seeing blood on her hands, and was persuaded the blood was still there, giving indications of frenzy as she turns out to be intellectually unhinged. Woman Macbeth’s memory of Macbeth’s words after Duncan was killed likewise spooky and putrefied inside her as indicated when she begins to reverberate Macbeth’s explanations and fears, when she said â€Å"To bed, to bed: there’s thumpin g at the entryway! †(VI, 1, 59) When Lady Macbeth is sleepwalking and envisions that she is in heck, as appeared by her announcement â€Å"Hell is murky,† (VI, 1, 32) she doesn't show up in front of an audience once more, and passes on offstage. The two in all likelihood situations for her demise would be self destruction, or a demonstration including the specialist or potentially the respectable woman, as they were the main individuals that saw reality with regards to the killings. In the event that self destruction was the reason for Lady Macbeth’s demise, as is likely, a considerably more profound degree of blame is appeared and this enthusiastic injury felt by Lady Macbeth isn't felt by the witches. These indications of shortcoming are in opposition to the association she had with the abhorrent spirits in her summoning scene, and in spite of the conduct of he witches, as they don't feel, or even show any blame or compassion. In spite of not having a manly appearance and giving indications of blame and shortcoming, Lady Macbeth has been keenly depicted as the ‘fourth witch’ by Shakespeare. I accept this is thus, in light of the fact that at the time this play was composed, connections, for example, the ‘swine’ portrayal of the orderlies and the approaching insidiousness spirits performed by Lady Macbeth would have been unmitigated equals and connections to black magic for the crowd in the Elizabethan period, yet are maybe more once in a while comprehended by today’s crowds. This might be on the grounds that witches has been excused by present day society and their attributes are not as generally known creation those connections to some degree obsolete. In spite of the fact that Lady Macbeth as the ‘fourth witch’ appears to be less conceivable as an idea today, we should not take a gander at the play as two dimensional, as today is perused, however rather gain proficiency with the perspectives on the individuals of when Shakespeare’s plays were composed, all things considered, Shakespeare expounded on what he knew, and Macbeth was composed 400 and three to 400 and seven years back.

Small Self-Sustaining Community Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Little Self-Sustaining Community - Term Paper Example Certain standards will be placed into thought when setting up a network which is maintainable and independent. All the partners including government, specialists, local people and framework ought to be placed into thought when thinking of the arrangement for the venture. Commitment and cooperation between partners will result into an all encompassing, long haul and durable arrangement. The people group must exist for people in the future by not debilitating water, air, land and other environmental assets, which bolster the presence of that network. As an organizer I will place into thought the requirements of the considerable number of experts who will move in to work in the network, in addition to the necessities of local people. This will incorporate day by day exercises, for example, going to class, work and getting to entertainment offices. The arrangement will sustain social joining. Transport and organizations will be set up in nearness with each other. Transport frameworks wil l along these lines be essential to help development. There will be quick rail framework set up and booked transport administrations. This vehicle frameworks will run on environmentally friendly power vitality. Since occupants don't need to travel significant distances, there will be no requirement for them to utilize individual vehicles, henceforth saving money on fuel and at long last less damage to nature in type of an Earth-wide temperature boost. Inhabitants will have the option to walk and cycle, transport implies which saves money on vitality. Greening of the network will be a need, in this way green scenes, overhang and rooftop top farming will be a typical practice. Training of the network on natural protection will be an improved to empower this move to manageability. The structures that will come up will be vitality productive for instance right protection and sun based force establishment. Lodging will move from rural areas which lead to deforestation to high thickness s tructures inside the town place to ease development. Strong waste administration will be a need. The four Rs for instance decreasing and reusing will be placed into thought, this will limit on the waste produced and that is discharged into nature by the network. Treating the soil of kitchen squander which is biodegradable will be a significant method for overseeing waste; this is a characteristic procedure of natural waste disintegration. The final result is then utilized for developing of natural nourishment as opposed to utilizing substance manures which are unsafe to the earth. The procedure of assortment, transportation, reusing and removal of waste will be taken care of in an environmentally cordial manner to limit contamination. Sewerage is another waste item that ought to be maneuvered carefully. This is a direct result of the hazard it postures to the soundness of the network and biology if not maneuvered carefully. This waste presents an open door for treatment of the waste water which will at that point be utilized for different purposes for instance water system in nourishment developing. Business openings will likewise be made in the process henceforth improvement in expectations for everyday comforts. Care will anyway be taken to guarantee that this water doesn't get into contact with clean drinking water since it would prompt tainting. Clean vitality creation and use will be a significant segment in the plan of the city. Practicing environmental awareness as far as vitality use is not, at this point an alternative., there ought to be a move from utilization of non sustainable power sources to inexhaustible wellsprings of vitality, for instance hydroelectricity, geothermal vitality and tidal vitality. Vitality to be utilized in the network wil

Freedom is a State of Mind - Literature Essay Samples

Freedom is a seemingly simple word. General definition states that it is the power to act, think and speak as one pleases. If one wanted to become less concrete, it can also be suggested that freedom itself, is a state of mind. In addition to this, generally, when an individual expresses a desire for freedom, it is explained why said freedom is a necessity and freedom what situation. However, concepts, such as freedom have a tendency to lack simplicity when interpreted within literature. It is arguably common within literature for the theme of freedom and the concept of flight to coincide. Morrison’s Song of Solomon emphasizes the use of flight imagery in order to greatly contribute to the theme of freedom. This novel begins with a strong emphasis on the importance of flight, as Mr. Robert Smith, the insurance agent, commits suicide by jumping off of the roof of Mercy Hospital. His suicide note read, â€Å"†¦I will take off from Mercy and fly away on my own wings† (Morrison 3). It is suggested that Mr. Smith’s jump, and his supposed ability to soar, is symbolic of his spiritual and mental freedom. Though the morbidity behind this reasoning could be somewhat overwhelming, it can be interpreted that the jump off of Mercy hospital was Mr. Smith being granted mercy, and the ability to finally find his own freedom. As the story progresses, the audience later learns from Guitar that his suicide was an escape from the overbearing reign of the Seven Days organization; an organization in which crimes in the name of revenge are performed in secret. Guitar explains the importance of secrecy in this organization while talking to Milkman. He then went on to say, â€Å"†¦if i t ever gets to be too much, like it was for Robert Smith, we do that rather than crack and tell somebody† (158). In this instance, and in others that will later be referenced, even in death, flight is representative of freedom. Mr. Smith’s lack of flight deeply impacts the four-year old Milkman to the point that â€Å"†¦he lost all interest in himself† (9). At this young age, the belief that he would never achieve freedom due to his inability to fly, was a concept that he carried with him throughout the duration of this novel. The narrator continues the story and begins to depict Sunday afternoon car rides that aside from Milkman, were found enjoyable to the entire family. He was described as being stuck between this parents and only being able to see â€Å"†¦the winged woman careening off of the nose of the car† (31). The winged woman is symbolizing freedom in flight to the rest of the family, the ability to move faster than any human and a form of superiority, in a sense. The physical manifestation on the nose of the car was the perfect representation of the family’s desire to escape their duties, even if it were just for a little while. However, as mentioned before, Milkman was not particularly fond of these rides. For him, the winged woman was simply a painful reminder of both his lack of personal freedom and his inability to fly. The narrator goes on by stating that although Milkman was uncomfortable, it was better than sitting backwards. â€Å"It was like flying blind, and not kno wing where he was going – just where he had been – troubled him† (32). This is highly symbolic due to the fact that it mirrors his existence. In other words, his personal belief that he would never be granted freedom affected his ability to see into the future and find peace and meaning in his life. In this instance, it becomes clear that the fact that he only knows his past, and has no future planned, is terrifying. As Milkman grows up, he becomes very comparable to his father in the sense that they both seem to be obsessed with wealth – gold in particular. As his obsession grows, he becomes aware of a green tarp in which Pilate, his aunt, supposedly stored gold; although it is revealed later that it was in fact not gold. Soon after his â€Å"discovery†, Milkman goes to Guitar and a conversation pertaining on methods to acquire the loot ensues. While this conversation is taking place a white peacock mysteriously ambles into their view. A peacock, being a symbol of ostentation is extremely relevant due to their conversation of wealth. However, it is well known that peacocks are not able to sustain long periods of flight, thus making them a symbol of flightless ostentation. Guitar goes on to explain to Milkman that peacocks are not able to fly due to their ostentatious structure. He says, â€Å"Too much tail. All that jewelry weighs it down. Like vanity. Can’t nobody fly with all that shit. Wanna fly, you got to give up the shit that weighs you down† (179). Since the peacock is a symbol of both wealth and the inability to fly, Guitar is suggesting that in order to achieve true freedom, one must first liberate themselves of the constructs that both themselves and society has placed on them. Milkman takes this conversation to heart and sets out on his search for gold in Montour County, Pennsylvania. The very beginning of his trip set the stage for his personal development and the solidification of the importance of the theme of flight within this novel. Because of the fact that Milkman chose to travel by airplane to Pennsylvania, his theoretical or possibly even spiritual flight began. Morrison strengthens this by having the narrator inform the audience that while he is in the air, he is free from responsibilities, with a feeling of invulnerability. But when on the ground, he feels trapped and constrained (220). After his quest for gold fails, Milkman purchases a car and leaves his hometown in search of his ancestral history in Shalimar, Virginia. He is metaphorically â€Å"flying† away from his personal struggles – a form of liberation. â€Å"And now, sitting behind a steering wheel, he felt even better. He was his own director† (262). Since Milkman not only owns this car, but is driving himself to find answers to his questions, he is experiencing his own freedom. This deeply contrasts the last time a vehicle held as much emphasis within this novel. As opposed to Milkman’s childhood, he finally is beginning to feel as though he is in control of his own life. When Milkman returns to his hometown after his journey through his familial history, it is evident to the audience that he has come of age. Rather than chasing wealth and prosperity, he is able to find peace within himself because he is aware of others that came before him. At this point in the novel, it would be accurate to describe Milkman as having a certain degree of freedom; freedom from the constraints that he placed on himself in his early childhood. However, the rest of his family has not been through the same spiritual journey, and although Milkman feels at peace, the rest of his family and town are in the same state in which he left them – trapped by both societal expectations/constraints and personal duties. When he returns home, the novel unfolds in a series of rather unfortunate events. Following the off-screen death of his cousin and lover, Hagar, comes the on-screen, heart wrenching death of Hagar’s mother, Pilate. Pilate, after being accidentally shot by Guitar, passes away. Immediately following her passing, birds begin circling above them, one swoops down, picks up a shiny object, and flies off. This is once again representative of the notion that even in death, flight represents freedom. In this moment, Milkman then comes to the conclusion that he loved Pilate as strongly as he did because â€Å"Without ever leaving the ground, she could fly† (336). All along, Pilate had known that she had the power of freedom within herself; the power of courage and personal faith, but it had taken Milkman his whole life to finally witness her soar. She had this ability of flight naturally, while Milkman had to go on the journey of a lifetime, and dig deep within himself and his ancestry to achieve the exact same thing. The novel comes to a close with an interpretable ending of Milkman lunging at Guitar. The final line of Song of Solomon states, â€Å"If you surrendered to the air, you could ride it† (337). Interpreting this with the thematic lens of freedom, it is suggesting that much like Pilate, Milkman is at peace with himself, and has found freedom in his death. In other words, he has finally been able to let his spirit soar. The theme of freedom, although could be considered to be simplistic, is a highly complex topic, especially when paired with the extremely interpretable concept of flight imagery. Song of Solomon explores the vast potential of both of these thematic aspects in an extremely relatable way. The novel allows freedom to be interpreted as freedom from the constructs that are created by both society and themselves, as well as freedom from responsibilities and simple, daily life tasks. The consistent flight references pair with the desire of freedom very well in the sense that, possessing the ability to fly – the capability to escape any situation with a simple flap of the wings, is complete independence. This is something that the large majority of the â€Å"main† characters, such as Guitar, Pilate and Milkman, spend most of the novel either searching for, or achieving. Although the ending of the novel was essentially left to personal interpretation, after taking into considera tion the power of flight, as well as the theme of freedom; it is acceptable to infer that Guitar, Pilate and Milkman, achieved a certain degree of their own personal freedom.

Eradicating World Hunger By Amartya Sen - 1561 Words

While the number of individuals living in food insecurity worldwide has dropped significantly over the past decade, there still remains an estimated 805 million people continuing to struggle with hunger every day . The suffering and death that are occurring in these developing nations is not fated, nor inescapable. Countries rife with dissolution, unrelenting poverty, abrasive environmental factors, and lifetimes of economic uncertainty have continued to force millions of men, women, and children into impoverished refugees. Indian economist and humanitarian philosopher Amartya Sen attempts to shed light on the origins of the global hunger situation in his work Poverty and Famines, asserting that famines are caused not by the conventional belief of food shortages, but by how a community’s food is distributed. While crop scarcity, diminished imports, and times of drought are often contributing factors, it is the social systems of the community itself that should be given greater attention. Today, Sen’s work still remains relevant, as humanitarian activists in organizations that focus on eradicating world hunger must heed his advice on better redistribution tactics should they wish to prove successful in their cause. While Sen’s understanding of the famine crisis pertains to a number of communities currently living in starvation, his call for developed redistribution systems fails to apply in communist authoritarian regimes such as the Democratic People’s Republic of KoreaShow MoreRelatedReaction Paper : The End Of Poverty3923 Words   |  16 PagesEscobar, Guillermo Professor Stuart Williams Social Problems 31 October 2014 Reaction Paper: The End of Poverty The most pressing problem in today’s world that bleeds into other social problems and helps perpetuate them is poverty. When Americans and other Westerners think of poverty it is easy for many to send money to a charity of their choice with knowledge and comfort that they contributed to help better the lives of the poor. Then again it is not difficult either to dismiss the plight of the

Age Ain’t Nothing But a Number Essay - 2911 Words

Age Ain’t Nothing But a Number During the last thirty years, there has been an increase in violent crimes committed by minors. In many of these cases, the minors are faced with harsher charges than what the law declares, such as being charged as adults. The majority of the United States justifies the age 18 as when an individual is no longer considered a minor. Yet, in the past ten years, the United States has seen the age of individuals being charged as adults drop. For example, in 1993, Nathan Dunlap a seventeen year-old from my hometown Aurora, Colorado was sentenced to the death penalty and eight years later, twelve year-old Lionel Tate of Fort Lauderdale, Florida was charged with life in prison. Currently the United States†¦show more content†¦However, during the 1960’s and 1970’s, the Supreme Court changed the laws concerning juvenile criminals. The Supreme Court ruled that all courts must change their main interest from helping the juvenile offenders to protecting the accusers. This ruling caused â€Å"juvenile courts [to] look and function more and more like adult courts† (Hansen n.p.). Since the landmark cases of Kent vs. The United States, In re Gault, and re Winship, U.S. courts have sentenced juveniles to harsher punishments and rulings, and sent more juvenile offenders to criminal courts (Cothern 3). In the November 2000 report from the United States Department of Justice, Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, an astonishing 6,881 juveniles received the sentence of the death penalty from 1973-2000 (Cothern 5). But it was in the late 1980’s to 2000’s that lawmakers distinctly changed state bills regarding juvenile offenders due to the crime wave of the 1980’s, John DiIulio’s 1995 theory of superpredators, and the school shootings of the late 1990’s. During the late 1980’s, increased cocaine usage, unemployment rates, and gang memberships caused the dramatic rise of crimes committed by juveniles. With this staggering increase of violence in mind, â€Å"John DiIulio, a politics and public affairs professor at Princeton University, predicted that tens of thousands ofShow MoreRelatedEssay on Aaliyah - Original Writing1652 Words   |  7 Pageswith her parents and older brother, she was moved to Detroit where they could be closer to family. Her devoted mother gave up her teaching job to care for Rashad and Aaliyah full time. Aaliyah was introduced to music at a very young age; her mother would play Stevie Wonder, Marvin Gaye and other such legends while she worked around the house. It wasnt long before Aaliyah was joining in, having learnt all the words off by heart. She was just six years old when her talentRead MoreThe Ideal Desert Island Song883 Words   |  3 Pagessituation to another situation. Whatever be the criteria I believe that the â€Å"ain’t no reason† by Brett Dennen is the one song that can be termed as the ideal desert song. 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Othello by William Shakespeare Essay Example For Students

Othello by William Shakespeare Essay The play Othello by William Shakespeare is based on an Italian story in Giraldi Cinthio’s Hecatommithi (Grolier). In Othello we encounter Iago, one of Shakespeare s most evil characters. Iago is an officer in Othello’s army and is jealous of Cassio’s promotion to Lieutenant. Through deception and appearance, we see unfolded many lies and clever schemes. The astonishing thing about Iago is that he seems to make up his malicious schemes as he goes along without any forethought. Noted writer Samuel Taylor Coleridge describes Iago’s plan as motive-hunting of a motiveless malignity (Scott 413). Iago seizes every opportunity to further advance his plan to his advantage. Greed plays a major role as a motive for his various schemes and lies. Throughout the story, Iago portrays himself as a Satan figure. In many ways, Iago can compare with Satan. Iago, like Satan, has proved himself to be a master of deception. He lies to everyone taking great care to disguise his own thoughts. For example, in Act 1 scene 2, when he is speaking to Othello about his feelings toward Cassio, he uses very strong language, while at the same time, he lies throughout the whole speech faking loyalty to a fellow soldier and all the while implying that he is reluctantly holding back the full truth: I had rather have this tongue cut from my mouth. Than it should do offense to Michael Cassio (I. ii. 21-22). This deception impresses and convinces Othello that his officer is a good and loyal soldier. Iago also succeeds in deceiving Cassio. After Cassio’s drunken fight, Iago counsels him to speak to Desdemona about trying to convince Othello to reinstate him as lieutenant, all the while knowing that this will only prove helpful to his plan of having Othello see him with Desdemona. Cassio answers him: You advise me well Goodnight, honest Iago (II. iii. 332/340). Thus, even Cassio is capable of being deceived by Iago. With all of this deception, it is a wonder that Iago is not Satan himself. He even gives an account to his plan of deception, in a soliloquy, in Act II. In comparing himself with Satan, he says: When devils will the blackest sins put on. They do suggest at first with heavenly shows. As I do now: for whiles this honest fool. Plies Desdemona to repair his fortunes. And she for him pleads strongly to the Moor, I’ll pour this pestilence into his ear (II. iii. 301-306) Iago describes how Satan uses the appearance of something good to disguise the various temptations that we know are evil. He tells how he will do the same while Cassio is begging Desdemona to tell Othello to take him back, Iago then will start his destructive scheme. Satan also deceives by lying and twisting the truth. When he told Eve in the Garden of Eden surely you will not die (Gen. 3: 4), he twisted the truth to deceive her. The Apostle John calls him the father of liars: for he is a liar, and the father of lies (John 8:44). As you can see, Iago and Satan both use deception to further benefit themselves. Through deception, Iago creates the appearance of good, which is what ultimately fools the people around him into thinking that he is loyal and honest. Being an officer is an honorable rank. Historically, an officer carried the company’s banner, which he was never to desert. In battle, if the company’s banner were threatened, all the soldiers had to fight to defend it and also its bearer. So by tradition and definition, he had to be well liked, brave, and trustful. Iago already has the appearance of being a good and honest man so he has an advantage when it comes to keeping that honest look about him throughout the story. Othello, it would seem, has fallen for this appearance when he tells Iago: I am bound to thee forever (III. iii. 214). .u09a5fb9db7828df0732bd167cf4dc915 , .u09a5fb9db7828df0732bd167cf4dc915 .postImageUrl , .u09a5fb9db7828df0732bd167cf4dc915 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u09a5fb9db7828df0732bd167cf4dc915 , .u09a5fb9db7828df0732bd167cf4dc915:hover , .u09a5fb9db7828df0732bd167cf4dc915:visited , .u09a5fb9db7828df0732bd167cf4dc915:active { border:0!important; } .u09a5fb9db7828df0732bd167cf4dc915 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u09a5fb9db7828df0732bd167cf4dc915 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u09a5fb9db7828df0732bd167cf4dc915:active , .u09a5fb9db7828df0732bd167cf4dc915:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u09a5fb9db7828df0732bd167cf4dc915 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u09a5fb9db7828df0732bd167cf4dc915 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u09a5fb9db7828df0732bd167cf4dc915 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u09a5fb9db7828df0732bd167cf4dc915 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u09a5fb9db7828df0732bd167cf4dc915:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u09a5fb9db7828df0732bd167cf4dc915 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u09a5fb9db7828df0732bd167cf4dc915 .u09a5fb9db7828df0732bd167cf4dc915-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u09a5fb9db7828df0732bd167cf4dc915:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Characters mood, themes and action of Shakespeare's play EssayOthello relates this to Iago because he trusts him. Satan works in much the same way as Iago does. He creates something pleasant out of something totally evil by making it appear glorious. The apostle Paul makes a comparison between the appearance of men and Satan in II Corinthians: For such men are false apostles, deceitful workers, disguising themselves as apostles of Christ. And no wonder, for even Satan disguises himself as an angel of light (II Cor. 11:13-14). Iago deceitfully organizes his plan so as to appear trustworthy to everyone. Iago also uses appearances to create deception. When Cassio had finished asking Desdemona, in the garden, if she would talk to Othello for him, he left her presence. Iago and Othello were standing off in the distance observing them. When Othello asks him if it was indeed Cassio that he saw, Iago replies: Cassio, my lord! No, sure, I cannot think it, That he would steal away so guilty-like, Seeing you coming (III. iii. 37-39). He uses that scene to convince Othello that Cassio looked mighty guilty when he left Desdemona. This shows that not only can deception be used to create appearance, but that appearance can also be used to create deception. Othello proves this fact further, later on in the play, when he, himself, asks for appearance as proof of Desdemona’s fraudulent behavior, too much to the point that he threatens Iago by telling him: Villain, be sure thou prove my love a whore. Be sure of it; give me the ocular proof. Or, by the worth of mine eternal soul. Thou hadst been better have been born a dog. Than answer my wak’d wrath! (III. iii. 359-363) Othello demands to see it with his own eyes in order for it to be convincing. Iago then changes the subject and lies to Othello outright by telling him that he heard Cassio talking in his sleep. He then goes so far as to say that Cassio was making sexual implications to him while sleeping: And then, sir, would he grip and wring my hand. Cry O sweet creature! and then kiss me hard. As if he pluck’d up kisses by the roots. That grew upon my lips: then laid his leg. Over my thigh, and sigh’d, and kiss’d; and then/ Cried Cursed fate that gave thee to the Moor! (III. iii. 421-426). This undoubtedly upsets Othello, thus showing that Iago’s craftiness knows no bounds. He made Cassio appear dishonest by lying to Othello. Satan also uses appearance to create deception. We see an example of this when he tempts Eve in the garden. He uses the pleasing appearance of the fruit to deceive her. When the woman saw that the tree was good for food, that it was a delight to the eyes, and that the tree was desirable to make one wise, she took from it’s fruit and ate Then the Lord God said to the woman, What is this you have done? And the woman said, The serpent deceived me, and I ate. (Gen. 3: 6,13). The appearance of the fruit, to the eyes of Eve, deceives her into taking it and eating of it. Satan also uses the woman to tempt Adam into eating the fruit as well. Satan and Iago, both, have a unique way of twisting appearances into looking like truths. This, sometimes, makes it hard to distinguish between the two evils. Iago and Satan have been compared in many ways. He is called a viper just as Satan is called a serpent. Lodovico asks: Where is that viper? Bring the villain forth (V. ii. 285). When Satan is in the garden, he is referred to as the serpent. And the serpent said to the woman (Gen. 3:4). As we have seen, metaphorically and by example, Iago has proven to be the epitome of evil in that he uses the same tactics that Satan does to get what he wants.

Strength and Weakness of Thoreau’s Argument Essay Example

Strength and Weakness of Thoreau’s Argument Essay In the essay â€Å"Slavery in Massachusetts† Thoreau explains weaknesses of slavery and underlines importance of antislavery legislations and equal rights. The style of Thoreau is marked by unique vision of reality and slavery, causes of the problem and possible solutions. It is possible to say that his class location and background had a great impact on his views and ideas expressed in this essay. The main argument is that compromise between the states is impossible because the North, including Massachusetts, was guilty in sufferings and hardship of black people supporting unjust laws and false social norms. The strength of Thoreau’s argument is that the North did nothing to abolish the slavery. He writes: â€Å"Every moment that she hesitated to set this man free, every moment that she now hesitates to atone for her crime, she is convicted† (Thoreau). Thoreau claims that a policy of silence can be seen as a crime which supports slavery and oppression. As the most important, Thoreau recognizes the role of the North in economic development of the nation and its impact on slavery. The other strength is recognition of unjust laws. He explains that segregation laws are unjust, and for this reason they should eliminated and abolished. These arguments are crucial for the essay because they explain principles and social rules of a free society. The author hints that it is hardly appropriate for a body of law ostensibly operating throughout the realm that it should be applied in different ways according to the vagaries of local custom or the personal preferences of judges. Also, he underlines that as principles of law became part of the common learning of the legal profession, their misapplication became so insupportable that procedures had to be devised to secure compliance and to resolve doubts. We will write a custom essay sample on Strength and Weakness of Thoreau’s Argument specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Strength and Weakness of Thoreau’s Argument specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Strength and Weakness of Thoreau’s Argument specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The main weakness of the argument is that the North could not solve all the problems faced by African-Americans. The Southern states were also responsible for slavery exploiting millions of slaves in agriculture and mines. New factories needed more raw materials for production, and South planters were interested in bigger sown areas requiring more slaves. It was a well known fact that industry is influenced greatly by the agriculture, and the South. Another weakness is that Thoreau does not recognize role and importance of legislation and its impact on the institution of slavery: â€Å"the law will never make men free; it is men who have got to make the law free† (Thoreau). In reality, laws and legislation can make men free stipulating legal norms and social relations. He does not take into account that the Constitution grants the right to the populace, and no doubt that in society the main role is featured to democracy and liberty. Law of that kind is, in the first place, mor e akin to custom, in the sense that the rules provide guidance but may be diverged from with impunity in particular cases. Another weakness is that Thoreau diminishes the role of government and impact of ideology on society. He states: â€Å"A government which deliberately enacts injustice, and persists in it, will at length even become the laughing-stock of the world† (Thoreau). For the majority of whites, slavery was not seen as injustice and discrimination. In sum, the article illustrates slavery through the lens of social, legal and moral judgments. The main strengths of the arguments are that the North did nothing to abolish the slavery, the policy of silence worsened this problem, identification of unjust laws. The main weaknesses are that the North alone could not solve this problem, inadequate analysis of the role of the government and law marking. Works Cited Thoreau, H.D. n.d. Slavery in Massachusetts. 04 June 2007 http://www.4literature.net/Henry_David_Thoreau/Slavery_in_Massachusetts/

Letter Essays - Run, 9, Free Essays, Term Papers, Research Papers

Letter Essays - Run, 9, Free Essays, Term Papers, Research Papers Letter October 16, 2000 Mrs. Jensen 319 Bibb Graves Jacksonville, AL 362265 Dear Mrs. Jensen I attended Rome High School of Rome, Ga. Rome High School is about forty-five minutes from Jacksonville. Just head towards Piedmont, Al and then drive straight to Cedartown, Ga. The road signs will lead you there. My major is going to be Criminal Justice. I look forward to becoming a K-9 police officer. I chose JSU because I had a pole-vaulting contract and I also want to be on the number one drum line of the nation. I havent started either yet so I assume you could just call me another broke student running around having fun. There are many things I like about JSU. There are defiantly plenty of parties, not that I go or anything. Mainly I like the band. The band is the main reason that I came. At my high school I was a drummer. My high school band practically lives at JSU. JSU has the number one drum line in the nation, so from a drummers perspective where better to march for. The other reason I came to JSU you is to be close enough to home so I can go see my girlfriend every weekend. I really like this campus, everyone is very friendly and it isnt hard to find all of your classes. There isnt really any thing I dont like about JSU. It is a great college. I guess if I had to say there was something I would like, it would be the classes. College should just be a place that you go and live and hangout with people for a year. That way classes could be optional. Things I like and dislike about computers: I love using the Internet. I dislike slow computers. I dislike when you cant load something. I dislike not understanding why a computer does something. I like using computers to type (my handwriting is awful) I dont like loosing programs or papers And on Gateway computers I like the Go Back Program I like you class very much but I dont feel like I need to be there for anything except for the tests and when you give out homework assignments. I missed a few of you classes last week and I want to apologize. My car had broken down when I was at home so I was stranded for three days. Sincerely, Nick Steketee

Multiple Intelligences and Online Learning Essay

Multiple Intelligences and Online Learning - Essay Example This paper tends to explain the theory of MI in brief and explores its applicability in the emerging industry of online learning. Concept of Multiple Intelligences   It was in 1983, the prominent professor and psychologist of Harvard University introduced his famous multiple intelligence theory, which thereby altered the educational perspectives of the entire world. Howard found that the traditional ways of testing for intelligence were not comprehensive enough or they simply biased to particular and rather small group of individuals. Evidently, the intelligence of learners is often measured based on their arithmetic skills and reading, writing excellence; and hence people with other areas of skills tend to lose attention and support (‘what are multiple Intelligences?’). Howard proposed ‘eight primary intelligences’ among which at least one or many can be found in every individual. He argued that a broader range of learning method is essential so as to det ermine the apt learning style for each individual regardless of his/her intellectual or physical weaknesses. The reason he found was that every individual may excel in one or more than one of the eight Intelligences, and therefore their skills are seldom inferior to that of others. At this juncture, a good educator is challenged to teach a child following the way it learns other than the way he (Tutor) preferred to teach. Howard’s intelligences include logical-mathematical, spatial, linguistic, bodily kinesthetic, musical, interpersonal, intrapersonal, and naturalistic. According to Gardner, intelligence refers to the ability to find and solve problems and create products of value in one’s own culture† (cited in Kramer, 2002, p. 46). MI in Online Learning As mentioned in the introduction, applying MI concept while developing e-learning strategy would increase learner’s likeliness of experiencing positive result based on their MI potential. However, how to assimilate such an activity based program is the strategic challenge the educators have to meet in this regard. Varieties of technological applications have been invented to stimulate online learning interactions for the recent past. Evidently, designers have to be creative enough to apply the available tools appropriately. Although it is not possible to include specific activity for each learner, all learners would find some elements valuable if a variety of activities are well incorporated in the program. For instance, facilities like video conference, discussions, chats, interactive games, puzzles, use of music and spoken texts, graphs, visuals etc can be used to enhance the e-learning experience of the pupils regardless of their intellectual variance. To illustrate, in order for adding linguistic intelligence activities, tactics like online interviews, speaking tests, drafting e-mails, reading and writing articles, and writing literature reviews or book movie reviews can be cons idered. When it comes to online learning, selecting and evaluating MI software inventory is highly important. As McKenzie (2005) notes, by completing MI software inventory, one must be ‘able to determine the intelligence that each application supports’ and ‘identify those intelligences that need to be considered in future purchases’ (p. 63). The content, interface, design, and documentation features of the

Compostion article Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Compostion article - Essay Example Researchers have presented that basic research literacy courses are not appealing to students, and they usually have negative feelings towards it. The Human Resources Development in Canada had expressed that employers have found skills developed through research courses as vital for work (as cited in Shipwright et al., 2010, p. 574). The researchers were burdened of this need, and thus aimed to enhance learning in the said courses through the use of an online graphic novel called Citizen Researcher (CR). Through this multimedia, they intend to stimulate the students’ interest in research. Guided by these goals, there are four research questions formulated for this study: (1) What impact does CR have on students’ perceptions of their research literacy skills?; (2) What is the students’ level of satisfaction with the course content, design delivery method and learning activities?; (3) What are students’ experiences with CR?; and (4) What are the strengths, c hallenges and barriers associated with this new model of course delivery? (p. 576). These are ventured in order to determine the effects of the technology in the students’ learning. Although research literacy courses may be boring and irrelevant to students, utilization of an online graphic novel to arouse their interest and assist in their learning needs may be seen to be of benefit. Details of the said study, through its methods, results, conclusions, strengths and limitations, et cetera, are reviewed and analyzed in order to appreciate the significance of such endeavor. Review and Analysis I. Methods A descriptive study using surveys and interviews was conducted among 18 full-time undergraduate students in 14 programs, who were attending post-secondary college in a large city (p. 576). Three surveys were made, one demographic, and pre-post Research Literacy Competency surveys. The demographic survey provided a profile for the learners, including their reading habits and In ternet skills. The Research Literacy Competency survey conducted before exposing the respondents to the multimedia is used as baseline data for the Research Literacy Competency survey completed after they have utilized the CR. The post-CR exposure survey contained three open-ended items to ask participants for their opinions and suggestions regarding the multimedia. The tools used for both pre- and post Research Literacy Competency surveys are reported to be valid by the Cronbach alpha, and thus said to be reliable. All these mentioned measures are based on self-reports of the learners. Individual telephone interviews which lasted for 10 to 20 minutes, and participated by seven students, were made in order to better understand their experiences with the CR. The interviews utilized a structured guide, then they were taped and transcribed. II. Results and Conclusions The results of the pilot study show and further verify the conclusion of previous literature that using the multimedia yielded satisfactory experiences and it became an instrument to learn research literacy skills (p. 581). Learning the importance of critical thinking is reported by the students, and activities in the CR reinforced key concepts in research. There is also a noticeable significant increase in scores from the pre-course survey as compared to the post-course survey, which is evidence that the multimedia is effective in enhancing the knowledge of the respondents. Although there are positive results,

Temporary monopolies and intellectual property rights Essay Example for Free

Temporary monopolies and intellectual property rights Essay What are the arguments for and against allowing temporary monopolies by allowing intellectual property rights? What forms of intellectual property exist for designs, and how are these different from patents and copyright? Knowledge and creativity are essential components in product innovation, and significantly contribute toward sustaining a competitive edge. Allowing temporary monopolies by allowing intellectual property rights have both pros and cons. Advantages of allowing a temporary monopoly by allowing intellectual property rights offers the benefit of protection from other competitors from benefiting from the innovation, and provides the opportunity to research and develop a product, and regain the costs involved in the process, to include make a profit. Disadvantages of allowing a temporary monopoly by allowing intellectual property rights include a decrease in potential in optimal creativity and innovation simply because no challenge exists typically produced when there are competitors. In addition, the consumer does not have the ability to explore and compare like and similar products, eliminating the opportunity to purchase the product of choice, to include purchase at a lower cost. Various forms of intellectual property exist for design. These include patent, copy and trade rights. A patent right allows for exclusive design and manufacturing, and protects the product from being sold by another competitor without license. Copyrights protect the original creativity of the inventor, and Trademark protects the design, the uniqueness of the product when sold in the competitive market. Reference: Tidd, J. Bessant, J. (2009). Managing Innovation Integrating Technological Market and Organizational Change, 4th Edition. (John Wiley Sons Ltd).

Physical Therapy :: Cheathouse Essays

Physical Therapy â€Å"Where am I? How did I get here?† is what many stroke patients say after recovering from an acute or severe stroke. A stroke is also known as a cerebrovascular accident, a life-threatening event where the brain is deprived of adequate oxygen. A physical therapist’s duty is to provide assistance and education that will help patients rehabilitate and return to a normal routine. As of today, there is a new treatment called treadmill training with partial body weight support that facilitates recovery of a patient’s ability to walk sooner after a surgery. Is the expense for treadmill training with partial body weight support which includes expensive equipment and constant physical therapy supervision worth it if it decrease the amount of time it takes a person to get better? Is it ultimately more efficient than traditional physical therapy? My argument will state that treadmill training with partial body weight support is worth the expense and provides better tec hniques than traditional physical therapy. After a stroke, patients are usually referred to physical therapy to begin the recovery process. There are many types of physiotherapy treatments for different types of strokes and injuries. The two kinds of strokes are ischemic stroke which occurs when the blood supply to the brain is interrupted by blood clots. The blood clots are caused when the arteries harden and a cluster forms which then limits blood and oxygen supply to the brain. The second kind of stroke is a hemorrhagic stroke, which occurs when there is bleeding into or around the brain. If one of the two strokes were ever to occur, getting oxygen and blood to your brain immediately is very important because permanent tissue damage and death could even occur. Physical therapists help not only stroke patients but a large variety of people who have physical limitations. A new treatment approach that is being studied involves â€Å"treadmill training† with partial body weight support. In this approach a physical thera pist patterns the movement of the involved or weak leg while the patient is supported in a sling type apparel while walking on a treadmill. This is a new technique that is showing good results. However, there are no long term studies as of yet. I believe that treadmill training is very beneficial to stroke patients because it helps them regain speed and strength in a short amount of time. Treadmill training is very costly, but increases your chances in walking by about three to four weeks faster than regular physical therapy.

Wavelength Conversion Four Wave Mixing in Silicon Waveguide

Wavelength Conversion by Degenerate Four Wave Mixing in Silicon Waveguide Abstract – Four-wave mixing (FWM) is one of the interesting nonlinearities in optical systems. It is mainly used for wavelength conversion. To investigate the factors that affect the wavelength conversion efficiency, the evolution of Four-wave mixing (FWM) in silicon waveguide is modeled using matlab. The method of modeling is described. The effects of input pump power and waveguide length on the conversion efficiency are investigated.Results show that when propagating along a 0. 048m silicon waveguide, both the input pump power and stroke power decreases, while anti-stroke power increases first and then decreases along the waveguide. It is also shown that for a 0. 048 silicon waveguide, output anti-stroke power is the maximum when the input pump power is 3W. Also, when the input pump power is kept constant, there is a most effective waveguide length for wavelength conversion. Keywords -FWM; model; conve rsion efficiency; input pump power; waveguide length 1 IntroductionFour-wave mixing (FWM) is an inter modulation phenomenon in optical systems, whereby interaction between three waves (two pump waves and a signal wave) produce a fourth wave (idler wave) [1]. This phenomenon can be used for all optical wavelength conversion (AOWC) and entangled photon generation [2, 3]. As extremely small core of si wires produce the nonlinear optical effect even under low optical power, Silicon is used as waveguide in our project for practical wavelength conversion by FWM process with longer waveguide lengths and smaller propagation loss[4].Factors that affect optical wavelength conversion are being studied to enhance the conversion efficiency. It has therefore become important to study FWM in silicon waveguide theoretically to increase the conversion efficiency for further experiment. In our project, FWM matlab to study the factors that affect the conversion efficiency. This paper discusses the fac tors that affect FWM’s conversion efficiency in silicon waveguide. Theoretical treatment is presented in section 2, where FWM in silicon waveguide is described. The method to model FWM in silicon waveguide using matlab is described in section 3.Results are shown in section 4. Results show that both the input pump power and the waveguide length play an important part in the FWM’s conversion efficiency. 2 THEORY The FWM process involves the interaction of four waves (two Pump waves, one signal and one idler wave) as they propagates along a medium. In our project, silicon waveguide is used as the medium. The schematic diagram of FWM in silicon waveguide is shown in figure 1. Here, E represents the electric field of the respective waves and normalized such that power P=|E|^2. Subscripts ‘p’, ‘s’ and ‘a’ represent pump, signal and idler respectively.The superscript ‘f’ represents forward propagating waves. [pic] Figure 1 S chematic diagram of FWM in silicon waveguide . 3 METHODOLOGY The evolution of the three waves along the silicon waveguide can be modeled by the following differential equations [1]. [pic][pic][pic][pic] where Aeff is the waveguide effective core area, ? is the wavelength, ? is the linear propagation loss and ? is the TPA coefficient, ? is the FCA cross section and ? eff is the effective carrier lifetime. h and c follow their usual physical meaning of Plank’s constant and free-space speed of light respectively. k denotes the linear phase mismatch and can be expressed as[pic]. ? is the nonlinear parameter assumed to be the same for three wavelengths and defined as [pic] where n2 is the nonlinear refractive index. To simulate the evolution of the three waves along the silicon waveguide, the above four differential equation are solved simultaneously using Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg (RKF) method [2]. |Parameters |Input-Output simulation values | |? |100/4. 34 m-1 | |Aeff |0. 17? 10^(-12 ) m2 | |? 0. 7? 10^(-11) m/W | |? p |1310? 10^(-9) m | |? eff |1? 10^(-9) s | |c |2. 998? 10^(8) | |h |6. 626? 10^(-34) Js | |? k |0 m/s | |? p |1. 0297? 10-21m2 | |? |2. 43 ? 10^(-11) m/W | 4 RESULTs and discussion . 1 Modelling of FWM in silicon waveguide Given Pp=1W, Ps=0. 001W, Pa=0W and L=0. 048m, Pump power, stroke power and anti-stroke power are drawn with respect to the position in the waveguide. [pic][pic][pic]The figures above show that when propagating in the waveguide, both the pump power and stroke power decrease while the anti-stoke power increases. This is as expected, as the interaction of the pump wave and stroke wave produce the anti-stroke wave. The increase of the anti-stroke power comes from the decrease of the pump and stroke power.It can be seen that, at the end of the waveguide, the pump power is only 0. 26W and the stoke power is only 0. 026W. Both of them decrease 74% of their original power. Both the pump power and stroke power decrease fast at the beginni ng, and then their decrease rate becomes slower when propagating further in the waveguide. This implies that the higher the pump power and the stroke power, the higher the propagation loss. As a result, the anti-stroke power increases fast at the beginning and then its increasing rate slows down. At the length of 0. 42m, the power of the anti-stroke reaches its maximum value which is about 3. 2*10^-5W. Then the anti-stroke power starts to decrease slowly. This may be because when the pump and stroke power is small, the gain of the anti-stroke power is less than its propagation loss. 4. 2 Effects of input pump power on conversion efficiency Given Ps=0. 001W, Pa=0W and L=0. 048m, Pp changes from 0 to 10W with step 0. 2W. The graph of the output stroke power and the output anti-stroke power are drawn with respect to the input pump power. [pic] Figure 2. 1 Output stroke power with different input pump powerThis graph shows that the larger the input pump power, the smaller the output str oke power. This is as expected, as the larger the input pump power, the larger the propagation loss. The output stroke decreases slower when the input pump power is higher. [pic] Figure 2. 2 Output anti-stroke power with different input pump power This graph shows that when the input pump power is less than3W, the higher the input pump power, the higher the output anti-stroke power. This is as expected, as more input power can be converted to anti-stroke power when the input pump power is larger.When the input pump power is larger than3W, the output anti-stoke power decreases with the input pump power. As the higher the input pump power, the higher the propagation loss. When the input pump power is larger than3W, the propagation loss dominates. 4. 3 Effects of waveguide length on conversion efficiency To investigate the relationship between the waveguide length and the conversion efficiency, input power are keep constant, Pp=1W, Ps=0. 001W, Pa=0W, L changes from 0. 001m to 0. 1m wit h step 0. 001m. Output stroke power and output anti-stroke power are drawn with respect to different waveguide length. pic] Figure 3. 1 Output stroke power with different waveguide length This graph shows that the longer the waveguide length, the smaller the output stroke power. This is as expected, as the longer the waveguide length, the larger the propagation loss. The decreasing rate of the output stroke power decreases with the waveguide length. [pic] Figure 3. 2 Output anti-stroke power with different waveguide length This graph shows that when the waveguide length is less than 0. 048m, the output anti-stroke power increases with the waveguide length.This implies that the gain is larger than the propagation loss in the waveguide. When the waveguide length is larger than 0. 48m, the output anti-stoke power decreases with the waveguide length. At waveguide length larger than 0. 048m, the propagation loss is larger than the gain of the anti-stroke power. The output anti-stroke pow er has a maximum value of 4. 5*10^3 when the waveguide is 0. 048m. Thus, the most effective waveguide length is 0. 048m. 5 Conclusion The conclusion serves the important function of drawing together the various sections of the written report.The conclusion is a summary, and the developments of the previous sections or chapters should be succinctly restated, important findings discussed and conclusions drawn from the whole study. In addition, you may list questions that have appeared in the course of the study that require additional research, beyond the limits of the project being reported. Where appropriate, recommendations for future work may be included. The conclusion should, however, leave the reader with an impression of completeness and of gain. AcknowledgmentThe author would like to express her deepest gratitude to A/P Luan Feng and PhD student Huang Ying for their guidance, assistance and advices. The author also wishes to acknowledge the funding support for this project fr om Nanyang Technological University under the Undergraduate Research Experience on Campus (URECA) programme. References The template will number citations consecutively within brackets [1]. The sentence punctuation follows the bracket [2]. Refer simply to the reference number, as in [3]—do not use â€Å"Ref. [3]† or reference [3]† except at the beginning of a sentence: â€Å"Reference [3] was the first †¦Ã¢â‚¬ Number footnotes separately in superscripts. Place the actual footnote at the bottom of the column in which it was cited. Do not put footnotes in the reference list. Use letters for table footnotes. Unless there are six authors or more give all authors’ names; do not use â€Å"et al. † Papers that have not been published, even if they have been submitted for publication, should be cited as â€Å"unpublished† [4]. Papers that have been accepted for publication should be cited as â€Å"in press† [5]. Capitalize only the firs t word in a paper title, except for proper nouns and element symbols.For papers published in translation journals, please give the English citation first, followed by the original foreign-language citation [6]. 1] G. Eason, B. Noble, and I. N. Sneddon, â€Å"On certain integrals of Lipschitz-Hankel type involving products of Bessel functions,† Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. London, vol. A247, pp. 529-551, April 1955. (references) 2] J. Clerk Maxwell, A Treatise on Electricity and Magnetism, 3rd ed. , vol. 2. Oxford: Clarendon, 1892, pp. 68-73. 3] I. S. Jacobs and C. P. Bean, â€Å"Fine particles, thin films and exchange anisotropy,† in Magnetism, vol.III, G. T. Rado and H. Suhl, Eds. New York: Academic, 1963, pp. 271-350. 4] K. Elissa, â€Å"Title of paper if known,† unpublished. 5] R. Nicole, Title of paper with only first word capitalized,† J. Name Stand. Abbrev. , in press. 6] Y. Yorozu, M. Hirano, K. Oka, and Y. Tagawa, â€Å"Electron spectroscopy studies on magneto-optical media and plastic substrate interface,† IEEE Transl. J. Magn. Japan, vol. 2, pp. 740-741, August 1987 [Digests 9th Annual Conf. Magnetics Japan, p. 301, 1982]. 7] M. Young, The Technical Writer’s Handbook. Mill Valley, CA: University Science, 1989.

Limerence Was A Harsh Mistress.. 2The Philosopher Character

Limerence was a harsh mistress. 2The philosopher character Pangloss, an undying optimist, continually asserts this, that All is for the best in the best of all possible worlds. 2 * * * I still planned on telling you, you know, since I was riding on being the only person going to Penn from our year. But my luck never did run smooth, did it? You don’t really remember this, you say, but I do. It came time to decide on where to go to college, and you wanted my help. Man, did I love helping you. In hindsight, this was probably the first time that I thought with you in mind. I’d always done things for you, but really they were for me. As hard as it was, I forced myself to be as objective as possible, with your best interests in mind, not†¦show more content†¦It was still an active effort, though, stopping myself from going head over heels again, even after you broke up with your high school boyfriend that October. Of course, I reasoned with myself again, putting practicality over desire. And believe me, it was quite the damn 3 challenge. It didn’t help that you’d somehow become even more beautiful on both the outside and the inside. Excuses. Excuses. The thought was unavoidable, washing up on the shores of my mind whenever anyone asked me why I hadn’t gone for it yet. Whenever we spent time together. Whenever I thought of you at all. It began to live in my mind and have a mind of its own. You went abroad for the first time that summer. Three months in Spain. Just my luck. I missed you, for the first time as a friend. * * * Sophomore year came quickly, and I’d come to terms with my years-long depression by that fall. Freshman year was the first of many trainwrecks at Penn. Things at home became complicated, and I juggled home, classes, and my joke of a social life quietly. Being a reflective person had helped me for the longest time (as it is now, writing this), but it was my undoing. I had become a mirror trying to see my own reflection, so much in awe of the infinite that I felt infinitesimal. Things before college had always been a game—things to win, things to lose, nothing truly beyond the surface. But things were different now, as Drake said that year: We go 0 to 100...real quick. And hell, we were pushing 110.